Treasury Contrarian View: Will AI Replace Treasury Analysts?
With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, corporate treasury is experiencing a technological transformation. AI-driven forecasting, reconciliations, and fraud detection are becoming more advanced. But does this mean that the role of treasury analysts will soon be obsolete? Or is AI simply another tool to enhance efficiency rather than replace human expertise? The Case for AI Taking Over Treasury Analyst Roles The Case for Treasury Analysts Staying Relevant The Future: AI as an Assistant, Not a Replacement Rather than eliminating treasury analyst roles, AI is more likely to redefine them. The future of treasury will involve: Let’s Discuss We’ll be sharing insights from treasury leaders and industry experts—join the conversation and share your perspective! COMMENTS Nena Koronidi, Treasury Masterminds board member, comments: AI will not replace treasury analysts; it will enhance their efficiency. Rather than spending hours in repetitive tasks, young treasury teams have the opportunity to focus on developing their decision-making and analytical skills much earlier in their careers. Instead of spending countless hours on data crunching and spreadsheets, they can focus on risk analysis and risk assessment and collaborating with senior members of the team to interpret the insights, ultimately becoming more valuable assets to the team. The transactional treasury role is long gone; this time, young treasury teams will be the ones driving the change. Bojan Belejkovski, Treasury Masterminds board member, comments: The future isn’t AI vs. Treasury teams—it’s treasury utilizing AI to drive better insights, efficiency, and value creation. Treasury teams that embrace AI as a tool, rather than a threat, will be best positioned for success. While AI enhances forecasting, risk management, and general automation, it lacks the human judgment needed for strategic decision-making, relationship management, and navigating complex regulations specific to an organization. Treasury is more than just data processing; it requires business acumen, adaptability, and financial expertise. James Kelly, Treasury Masterminds board member, comments: If all you do is press buttons, be worried. If you’re curious, open minded and collaborative you’ll always have a role AI opens the door to fixing the gaps in systems that have required a lot of manual intervention. Many of these vary from company to company and so require a degree of problem solving and creativity, but doing so will allow more time for strategy and supporting the business AI only works off historic data and so will not be able to accurately predict in the event of a major shock which would require human judgement Equally an AI-only treasury future is also a more unstable future – imagine if all were trained to fully draw loan facilities in the event of market disruption, we’d see more bank runs. AI also makes errors and so again imagine if a major trade was entered incorrectly- it may result in a loss for that company but may also trigger disruption in the market. A skilled analyst knows not to trade $200m via a trading portal asking 10 banks – AI may not AI isn’t homogenous. There will be well trained effective AI and bad AI. At this stage we don’t yet know if good AI will eventually be able to replace analysts entirely – at present it can’t as the error/hallucination rate is way too high and we don’t know if all the data silo challenges can be resolved (which will probably vary by company), and that’s before thinking about the people side of things. Because people don’t make decisions solely based on data – data informs decisions but people make decisions based on emotion and connections. Also Read Join our Treasury Community Treasury Mastermind is a community of professionals working in treasury management or those interested in learning more about various topics related to treasury management, including cash management, foreign exchange management, and payments. To register and connect with Treasury professionals, click [HERE] or fill out the form below to get more information. Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.
Franklin
FX: Is Hedging Expensive?
This article is a contribution from one of our content partners, Bound The myth of hedging costs Maybe the title of this section gives away my conclusion, but here we go. Foreign exchange volatility can mess up any company’s financials. Companies not wanting to be held hostage by FX should consider hedging—i.e., taking the volatility from FX out of their finances. What I keep hearing though is that hedging is expensive. So let’s attempt to drill down into the costs of hedging versus executing foreign exchange transactions via spot conversions. It’s important to note that the specific components of hedging costs can vary based on the type of financial instruments being used, the markets involved, and the strategies employed. The below focuses on standard hedges via forwards and other vanilla instruments. Transaction Costs These are the direct costs incurred when executing a hedge, such as provider fees, commissions, and any other fees associated with trading financial instruments. In our experience, hedging instruments are a few basis points (1 basis point = 0.01%) more expensive than spot, but in most cases well below 1% (unless you hedge with your bank and have not negotiated, or there are implications for margin postings). Bid-Ask Spread The bid-ask spread is the difference between the buying (bid) and selling (ask) prices of a financial instrument. In the Interbank Market for major currency pairs, these tend to be marginal for forwards—think single-digit basis points or even fractions of a basis point. Spot transactions also have bid-ask spreads, so this doesn’t usually make hedging much more expensive than spot. Margin If a hedge involves trading on margin, there may be interest costs associated with borrowing funds to support the margin position. Margin tends to be more of a cash flow issue rather than an actual cost for most companies. Slippage Slippage occurs when the execution price of a trade differs from the expected price. This can happen in fast-moving markets or due to low liquidity. Slippage costs can contribute to overall hedging expenses, but this is usually for very large transactions or if transacting in very illiquid currencies. Most company’s hedging transactions will fall well below the threshold where slippage applies if transacting in major currencies. Time Time can be a major factor to impact your hedging costs. It depends on the solutions implemented and how they are dealt with, though, and luckily there are providers out there that are very easy to implement and offer flexibility to adjust hedges. Here is how I think about the time commitment buckets for hedges: Exposure and Hedge Modeling Costs If complex financial models or derivatives are used for hedging, there may be costs associated with developing and implementing these models. This can be mitigated by simplified exposure calculations and easy-to-implement and monitor hedges such as forward contracts. Once a company knows the exposure and has a hedging strategy, with solutions such as Bound, time commitment is similar to the execution of a spot. Maintenance Costs The ongoing monitoring and management of a hedge position may involve additional time. This includes the costs associated with adjusting the hedge to maintain its effectiveness over time. Again, if implemented via a self-service platform, the time commitment is down to a similar amount a company would spend on ad hoc spot transactions. Reporting Costs: Compliance with regulatory requirements and the associated reporting and documentation procedures can contribute to the overall cost of hedging. Conclusion If summing up all the potential costs of hedging versus spot, we are talking about basis points rather than percentages. On the flipside, FX markets tend to move in multiple percentage points and that volatility then goes through a company’s financials. So the costs versus benefits are very limited—not enough as an excuse not to hedge. This assumes that a company is not in the business of speculating in foreign exchange, as markets can go up as well as down. Just be aware that FX is one of the most traded capital markets and the larger players tend to be professional investors and institutions whose day job it is to trade these instruments. Recommended Reading Join our Treasury Community Treasury Masterminds is a community of professionals working in treasury management or those interested in learning more about various topics related to treasury management, including cash management, foreign exchange management, and payments. To register and connect with Treasury professionals, click [HERE] or fill out the form below. Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.
Treasury needs to be it’s own DOGE
Written by Patrick Kunz 1. Treasury as the “DOGE” of the Organization Just like the Department of Governmental Efficiency (DOGE) would aim to streamline spending, eliminate waste, and optimize financial processes in government, corporate treasurers play the same role within a company: Corporate treasurers are, in a sense, the “DOGE” of the company—watchdogs of financial efficiency. 2. Tracking Spending in Real-Time: Treasury’s Version of Blockchain Auditing A key function of DOGE (the department, not the coin) would be real-time tracking of government expenditures to improve transparency and accountability. Treasury teams are moving in a similar direction with: If governments implement real-time spending oversight, treasurers may be expected to push for greater financial visibility and accountability within corporations as well. 3. Liquidity Optimization: Learning from Government Cash Management Governments often have massive cash balances tied up in inefficient accounts, just as companies may hold idle cash that isn’t working for them. DOGE could push treasury teams to double down on liquidity strategy to ensure companies aren’t “sitting on cash” while paying unnecessary borrowing costs. 4. Eliminating Redundant Bureaucracy vs. Simplifying Treasury Operations Government inefficiencies often come from too many layers of approval, redundant processes, and slow decision-making. The same can be true in corporate treasury, where: DOGE’s mission to streamline government processes mirrors the ongoing push for simpler, leaner, and more automated treasury operations. 5. The Consequences of Bad Policy Decisions: Government vs. Corporate Treasury A well-run DOGE would highlight the importance of risk-aware financial management, something that treasurers already focus on. Final Thought: Treasury Needs Its Own DOGE If a Department of Governmental Efficiency were created to rein in spending and optimize financial decision-making, treasurers should ask: A well-structured treasury function is already the DOGE of the company, ensuring financial resources are used effectively, risks are managed properly, and liquidity is optimized. Would you like to explore how corporate treasurers could proactively implement DOGE-inspired efficiency strategies within their own organizations? Also Read Join our Treasury Community Treasury Mastermind is a community of professionals working in treasury management or those interested in learning more about various topics related to treasury management, including cash management, foreign exchange management, and payments. To register and connect with Treasury professionals, click [HERE] or fill out the form below to get more information. Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.
Patrick Kunz
KYC is Outdated. It’s Time for Know-Your-Counterparty (KYCp)
This article is a contribution from one of our content partners, Avollone We really should rename KYC from Know-Your-Customer to Know-Your-Counterparty. Until now, various KYC software suppliers have used KYB (Know-Your-Business) to cater to use cases that go beyond knowing your customers. But one should think that customers are your business as well? Obviously, KYB could also cover any due diligence on legal entities, and KYC could cover due diligence on private individuals. However, most companies also have customers who are legal entities, so this is not perfect either. The problem is that the number of use cases for KYC has exploded over recent years, making Know-Your-Customer a rather slim way of describing a broad range of examples of KYC collection and screening. To mention a few use cases we see in Avallone: Looking at the examples above, it becomes clear that KYC is so much more than Know-Your-Customer – and it should be, as the global risk landscape continues to evolve and companies become increasingly aware of the compliance and reputation risks they have to mitigate. On that note – half of our customers are not regulated. Then why bother collecting KYC and performing screening at all? The answer is to protect against reputation risks and non-compliance related to sanctions breaches. When it comes to sanctions, everyone is regulated, after all. I know I sound like an old compliance officer trying to convince the business to do more (or a KYC software CEO trying to sell more), but being really great at KYC and sanctions screening is a competitive advantage these days. Funds that are super good at screening their investment targets will attract more funding because investors do not want to support financial crime. Blue-chip corporations are more inclined to buy CO2 emissions certificates when they are sure the money will not be used in a money laundering scheme. Law firms with a super tight process when collecting KYC from their clients just get more clients, as everyone hates KYC and just wants it to be fast and painless. The list goes on. Also Read Join our Treasury Community Treasury Masterminds is a community of professionals working in treasury management or those interested in learning more about various topics related to treasury management, including cash management, foreign exchange management, and payments. To register and connect with Treasury professionals, click [HERE] or fill out the form below. Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.
Measuring currency risks—what is behind CFaR and its cousins
This article is written by HedgeFlows Quantifying FX risk is one of the most challenging aspects of foreign exchange risk management. To determine whether managing currency risk is worthwhile, it’s essential to understand exactly what you’re protecting against. This knowledge is key to making informed decisions. While large multinational corporations often rely on concepts like Value at Risk (VaR), Cash Flow at Risk (CFaR), or Earnings at Risk (EaR) through their dedicated treasury or risk departments, these tools are less familiar and uncommon for smaller businesses with leaner finance teams. This article dives into the theory behind risk metrics and explains how to use them. Making sense of randomness Measuring FX risks is based on the notion that exchange rates move randomly over time and the changes in the value of currencies over a specific period of time have different likelihoods. This likelihood is distributed in a manner close to a normal distribution. For example, the graph below shows the historical distribution of 90-day moves of the Pound Sterling vs the US Dollar (grey) and its modelled distribution, which is normally distributed. As one can see, most potential outcomes are small moves clustered around zero, but in rare outcomes, the exchange rate moved more than 20% over 90 days. Asking the right question So, what is the right measure to use in order to quantify FX risks in a small business? It depends on what you want and what you’re trying to answer. In FX risk management, there is a big difference between asking the question, “What is the maximum I could lose due to foreign exchange?” and “What could I potentially lose on foreign exchange?” The former question emphasises the risks posed by rare but often catastrophic events – situations that occur infrequently yet have significant consequences when they do. These are the kinds of events that make headlines and can push businesses to the brink of collapse. Take, for instance, the aftermath of the Brexit vote, which triggered a sharp decline in the value of the Pound Sterling, or the more recent crisis during Liz Truss’ government, which temporarily plunged the Pound to multi-decade lows. Such events are notoriously hard to predict and, as a result, are not typically reflected in prevailing exchange rates. When they do occur, however, they can cause sudden and extreme market volatility, leading to lasting financial damage. Tools like Value-at-Risk, Cashflows-at-Risk, or Earnings-at-Risk are specifically designed to measure and account for these risks. However, because these moves are so rare, many businesses often ignore them until they have a real impact and become a topic of purposeful discussion. Hence, while knowing the maximum potential loss is essential, many CFOs are often more interested in more likely potential outcomes that can still have an impact on their business. The stability of cash flows or profit margins is often an implicit or explicit hedging objective, and even a 5% FX move can often have a sizeable impact on one’s cashflows. Because moves of such magnitude are a lot more likely to happen, it is not surprising that the jump in likelihood often makes such potential moves a lot more “real” to CFOs and their teams, and this is easier to relate to and thus manage. For example, as shown on the graph below, the likelihood of an FX move of 4% or greater is 20 times higher (probability of 20%) than that of 14.5% (probability of 1%). Different risks but the same solution Select the risk metric that best aligns with your business objectives and feels most intuitive to your needs. Fortunately, for most companies, this decision won’t affect the overall solution. FX forwards continue to be the preferred hedging instrument. You may have noticed that we refer to more minor, more probable outcomes as a move of “X% or greater.” This phrasing reflects that these outcomes represent not a specific point but a range of possibilities (losses) that extend beyond that threshold. If you choose to mitigate these risks, you will also reduce risks of larger, less probable outcomes. If, for example, you decide to hedge 50% of your exposure with FX forwards, the potential losses will halve, no matter which risk metric you choose. Also Read Join our Treasury Community Treasury Masterminds is a community of professionals working in treasury management or those interested in learning more about various topics related to treasury management, including cash management, foreign exchange management, and payments. To register and connect with Treasury professionals, click [HERE] or fill out the form below to get more information. Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.
TreasurySpring Announces Launch of a Public API and Partnership with Kyriba
[London, New York, 12 March 2025] – TreasurySpring, the global cash investment platform, has announced its API collaboration with Kyriba, a global leader in liquidity performance. Kyriba customers will now be able to access TreasurySpring’s suite of wholesale cash products ranging from collateralized repo from leading international banks to government securities and corporates. Kyriba’s AI-driven App Studio platform aims to eliminate “liquidity gridlock,” simplify API adoption, and streamline integrations for any software that supports APIs, including Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). By endeavouring to empower finance teams to automate and control connectivity workflows without requiring technical expertise, Kyriba’s secure and scalable SaaS solution aims to help CFOs, treasurers, and IT leaders to connect, protect, forecast, and optimize their liquidity. The collaboration marks the launch of TreasurySpring’s first public API release, which provides select customers with the ability to view and access TreasurySpring’s fixed-term products across 90+ issuers and eight currencies, as well as the ability to view holdings and exposures across counterparties. This follows TreasurySpring’s recent expansion into the US to meet the needs of its growing US client base. As part of this growth, Tom Ryan was appointed Global Head of Partnerships, based in New York and US CEO & Global Head of Capital Markets, Henry Adams, has relocated to strengthen TreasurySpring’s on-the-ground presence in the US. Tom Ryan, Global Head of Partnerships, TreasurySpring said: “Platforms such as Kyriba play a critical role in helping our customers manage, forecast, and invest their cash, and we look forward to working with additional partners to expand access to TreasurySpring. The launch of our public API is a significant landmark moment for us as we continue to strengthen and grow the business in the UK, US and beyond.” Félix Grévy, Vice President Product, Open API and Connectivity, Kyriba added: “In an environment of continued market uncertainty, CFOs and Treasurers are turning to AI-driven SaaS solutions to automate workflows, enhance decision-making, and streamline cash forecasting. At Kyriba, our API-first strategy enables seamless connectivity between critical financial applications, empowering finance teams with real-time insights and greater control over their liquidity. By integrating TreasurySpring into Kyriba’s Marketplace, we are expanding access to innovative cash investment solutions that optimize liquidity performance and efficiency for our customers worldwide. Also Read
Treasury Contrarian View: Payments in Crypto—A Treasury Reality or Just Noise?
Cryptocurrency has been a hot topic in financial markets for years, but is it truly a viable payment method for corporate treasury, or is it just hype? While some companies have begun accepting and using crypto for payments, others remain skeptical about its practicality, volatility, and regulatory implications. So, should treasurers take crypto payments seriously, or is it still too risky and impractical? The Case for Crypto in Treasury The Case Against Crypto in Treasury The Balanced Approach: Testing the Waters Rather than fully committing to crypto, treasury teams can take a measured approach: Let’s Discuss We’ll be sharing insights from treasury leaders and industry experts—join the conversation and share your perspective! COMMENTS Noah Herman, Fortris Chief Revenue Officer, comments: The question of crypto payments in corporate treasury isn’t about hype – it’s about practical, strategic integration. While volatility and regulatory challenges are legitimate concerns, they’re manageable through thoughtful strategy, risk management, and proper infrastructure. Solutions like stablecoins and instant conversion into traditional currencies such as USD mitigate the perceived risks and offer clear paths to adoption without unnecessary exposure to volatility. However, instant conversion means companies miss out on the chance to fully operationalize crypto within their business, whether that be through balance sheet diversification or better cross-border payments. A “hands-on” approach to crypto payments means companies can explore these opportunities to the full but comes with two main challenges: security and interoperability. Take compatibility with existing TMS and ERP solutions as a case in point. Treasury teams are understandably reluctant to move away from their trusted tech stacks, but blockchain-based currencies aren’t compatible with those. We believe the answer lies in ensuring any new solution works with the existing back-office setup, without the need for manual processes that erode the time and cost savings of crypto payments. As for real-world adoption, we’ve observed this tends to move in step with regulatory developments and sea-change moments such as the approval of the first Bitcoin exchange-traded funds in the United States. More regulatory clarity and shifts in accounting guidance – such as the FASB’s move to fair-value measurement for assets including Bitcoin – provide an increasingly robust framework for finance teams to work with. These developments make adoption far less daunting. Ultimately, crypto payments are becoming a treasury reality – not overnight, but steadily, as organizations build comfort through strategic testing and practical use cases. Treasurers who explore proactively today will be well-positioned to capture tomorrow’s opportunities. Royston Da Costa, Treasury Masterminds board member, comments: From my experience, the key to integrating digital assets into treasury lies in cautious, measured steps. For example, while organizations like Save the Children have begun accepting crypto donations, they convert these assets into fiat immediately to minimize financial risks. This aligns with the idea of testing the waters, as mentioned in the article. I’m more optimistic about the potential of digital currencies—including CBDCs—which I believe will eventually become a more regulated, stable, and scalable alternative. These will likely offer the benefits of speed, cost, and transparency, without the extreme volatility that cryptocurrencies currently present. For treasurers, the focus should be on staying informed and being ready for future developments. Until regulation and infrastructure catch up, we should remain cautious but prepared for what’s to come. Also Read Join our Treasury Community Treasury Mastermind is a community of professionals working in treasury management or those interested in learning more about various topics related to treasury management, including cash management, foreign exchange management, and payments. To register and connect with Treasury professionals, click [HERE] or fill out the form below to get more information. Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.
Debunking the top 5 misconceptions about currency hedging
This article is written by our content partner, Ebury Understanding foreign exchange markets and hedging is essential for businesses looking to manage FX risk and succeed globally. Unfortunately, several myths linger around that can hold you back and lead to poor decision-making. Here, let’s debunk five common myths related to FX and hedging to help you manage your FX risk effectively. Myth 1: “Hedging is a headache—complicated, costly, and time-consuming!” Reality: Actually, it can be surprisingly simple and cost-effective with the right strategy, policy, and products (options, forwards *). And compared to the headaches and risks of not hedging (think: unpredictable pricing, cash flow chaos, potential loss of competitiveness, inaccurate budgeting), which is way worse, investing in a hedging strategy is always a wise decision. At Ebury, we help you design the strategy that’s just right for your business without all the fuss. Myth 2: “Hedging? Sounds like speculating or timing the market.” Reality: Not at all! Say, for instance, you have fixed prices. If your costs increase while prices stay the same, you have reduced your profit margins. Hedging helps you fix your costs for a period and brings certainty and future visibility to your finances. Imagine you know exactly what your costs will be for the next year. No more guessing games or tracking market movements daily! Myth 3: “Currency fluctuations? They primarily impact importers and exporters.” Reality: Even if you are not an importer or an exporter, your business is exposed to FX risks if you hold investments in other currencies or borrow funds in foreign currencies. For example, you are a European business with a 1-year investment of USD 100,000. If the EUR/USD rate depreciates, it will impact your investment value after a year. Any unwanted exchange rate volatility can unpredictably impact margins and cash flows, especially if your business makes frequent FX transactions. Myth 4: “FX policy is not for my business. Only large businesses and their treasury teams should worry about it.” Reality: Any business trading internationally, regardless of size, should have a plan and not leave its profit margins to chance. Think of an FX policy as your profit protection plan against unwanted currency volatility. And the good part: we’ve enabled companies of all sizes and across most industries to protect their budgets from unwanted currency volatility and can also help your business. Myth 5: “Hedging strategy is the same for all. I don’t need an FX partner to design it for my business.” Reality: Every business has unique circumstances, risk appetite, needs, goals, budget, and tenor expectations. Therefore, there is no universally applicable approach to hedging. That’s where Ebury comes in. We get to know your business and build a hedging strategy unique to your business. Like a tailored suit, not some off-the-rack thing. Final thoughts Any business can make informed decisions, effectively manage currency risks, and prepare themselves for success in international markets with the right hedging partner, knowledge, and tools. Join our Treasury Community Treasury Masterminds is a community of professionals working in treasury management or those interested in learning more about various topics related to treasury management, including cash management, foreign exchange management, and payments. To register and connect with Treasury professionals, click [HERE] or fill out the form below. Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.
Applying Hedge Accounting for Your FX Hedging: A Checklist, Tips, and Tricks
Written by Craig Haymaker Hedge accounting is powerful. It allows corporate treasurers to manage the risk inherent in foreign exchange (FX) exposures while reducing earnings volatility. By aligning the accounting for hedging instruments with the underlying risk exposure, hedge accounting provides a more accurate reflection of economic reality. However, hedge accounting can be complex and time-consuming without sufficient experience and knowledge of the guidance. While IFRS 9 introduced flexibility in certain areas, IAS 39 remains relevant for some organizations due to its stricter rules for hedge accounting qualification. Here’s a comprehensive checklist, along with actionable tips and tricks, to streamline the process under either framework. 1. Understand the Basics of Hedge Accounting Standards The two most commonly applied accounting standards for hedge accounting are IAS 39 and IFRS 9: Tip: Check which standard applies to your organization. If transitioning from IAS 39 to IFRS 9 is an option, assess how the flexibility of IFRS 9 might benefit your processes and reporting. Both standards recognize three primary types of hedges for FX: A clearly defined hedge relationship will involve a hedging instrument, or portfolio of hedging instruments, and a hedged item. Often, the hedging instrument is a derivative designed to reduce risk based on its underlying asset, rate, or index. The hedged item represents the critical terms of the risk exposure being hedged. Hedged item(s) could be assets, liabilities, forecasted cash flows, or equity-related balances driving the variability in expected future cash flows, changes in fair value, or reported investments in foreign operations. Both the hedging instrument(s) and hedged item(s) must be carefully and comprehensively identified within an entity’s documentation. 2. Build a Strong Hedge Accounting Framework A robust framework ensures compliance regardless of the standard you follow. Key elements include: Checklist: Tip: Use treasury management systems (TMS) to automate documentation and effectiveness testing to reduce manual errors and meet requirements. 3. Choose the Right Hedging Instruments The choice of hedging instruments must align with both your risk profile and the accounting standard requirements. Common instruments include forwards, options, and currency swaps. Tip: Under IAS 39, certain instruments (e.g., peculiar options) may not qualify due to stricter eligibility rules. Stick to simple and liquid instruments like forward contracts and vanilla options to simplify compliance. Trick: IFRS 9 allows you to exclude items such as changes in time value or forward points. For example, when hedging anticipated expenses denominated in a foreign currency across a given time period, the excluded forward element can be amortized to the statement of profit / loss over the life of the hedge, easing earnings impact. 4. Accurately Forecast FX Exposures For cash flow hedges, forecasted transactions must be “highly probable” to occur in order to qualify as an eligible hedged item under both IAS 39 and IFRS 9. Checklist: Tip: Involve key stakeholders (e.g., FP&A, procurement, and sales teams) to improve forecast accuracy and compliance. 5. Conduct Regular Hedge Effectiveness Testing Under IAS 39, hedge effectiveness must fall within the strict range of 80-125%, making it more challenging to qualify. IFRS 9, however, allows more qualitative or principle-based assessments, provided the hedge relationship is aligned with the risk management objective. Checklist: Trick: If your hedge fails effectiveness testing under IAS 39, consider redesignating the hedge using a different hedging strategy or hedging an alternative risk exposure to reset compliance and recapture earnings stability. 6. Understand Hedge Ineffectiveness and Adjustments Hedge ineffectiveness can arise from mismatches in the timing, currency, or amount of the hedged item and the hedging instrument. Valuation adjustments arising from the risk of non-performance, or counterparty credit risk, can also create a mismatch. This is because counterparty credit risk is considered only for the hedging instrument and not the hedged item. Tip: Avoid mismatches by ensuring critical terms (e.g., amount, currency, and maturity) between the hedging instrument and the hedged item are aligned. Trick: For cash flow hedges under IFRS 9, use hypothetical derivatives to mirror the critical terms of the hedged item to simplify ineffectiveness measurement. Applying a hedge ratio to the hypothetical derivative can help promote a highly effective hedge relationship. 7. Stay Compliant with Your Applicable Standard Compliance with accounting standards is non-negotiable. IAS 39 is more stringent in several areas, including hedged item eligibility criteria, testing, and measurement. IFRS 9 introduces simplifications and greater flexibility that reduce operational burdens while maintaining transparency. Checklist: Tip: Keep comprehensive documentation of hedge accounting processes and test results, especially if your organization still applies IAS 39. 8. Leverage Technology for Efficiency Whether under IAS 39 or IFRS 9, manual processes can be error prone. Treasury management systems (TMS) or specialized hedge accounting software can streamline your operations. Tip: Look for solutions that support dual compliance if you operate in jurisdictions requiring IAS 39 and IFRS 9 simultaneously. Trick: Automate repetitive tasks like hedge documentation, effectiveness testing, and compliance reporting to reduce administrative overhead. Final Thoughts Applying hedge accounting for FX hedging requires a well-structured framework, accurate data, and meticulous execution. While IAS 39 remains relevant for some organizations, IFRS 9 offers increased flexibility, making it worthwhile to explore transitioning if allowed. By following this checklist and leveraging the tips and tricks provided here, you can simplify the complexities of hedge accounting, enhance risk management, and achieve better alignment with your hedging strategy. Are you ready to optimize your FX hedging and embrace hedge accounting under the relevant standard? Share your thoughts, experiences, or questions in the comments below! Also Read Join our Treasury Community Treasury Mastermind is a community of professionals working in treasury management or those interested in learning more about various topics related to treasury management, including cash management, foreign exchange management, and payments. To register and connect with Treasury professionals, click [HERE] or fill out the form below to get more information. Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.